Ethiopian federal forces have regained control of the main airport in Mekelle, the capital of the northern Tigray region, marking a significant development in the renewed conflict between the government and an opposition alliance led by the Tigray People’s Liberation Front.

Alula Aba Nega Airport had been seized by Tigrayan forces after fighting intensified in the region on September 23. The reported recapture represents an important change in control around Mekelle, although the broader situation inside the city remains uncertain.

Reports from residents and local sources indicate that some Tigrayan fighters and senior political figures have withdrawn from parts of Mekelle as federal forces advance toward the regional capital. However, communications in the area remain heavily disrupted, making independent verification of developments difficult.

The latest fighting represents a serious deterioration in relations between Ethiopia’s federal government and Tigray’s political leadership. The renewed confrontation has raised concerns about the durability of the peace agreement that ended the major Tigray war in 2022.

The conflict is also taking place against a backdrop of worsening relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea. Addis Ababa has accused Eritrea of supporting forces opposed to the federal government, an allegation that Eritrea has rejected. Eritrea recently announced that it was severing diplomatic relations with Ethiopia.

The dispute has broader regional implications because Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan and Egypt are all important countries in the Horn of Africa and the wider Red Sea region. The African Union has urged the countries involved to avoid actions that could further destabilize the region.

For civilians in Mekelle and surrounding areas, the renewed fighting has created significant uncertainty. Reports have described disruptions to communications and essential services, while residents have expressed concerns about security and possible looting in areas where security personnel have withdrawn.

The Ethiopian government’s advance toward Mekelle does not necessarily mean that the conflict has ended. Analysts have warned that military gains around the regional capital may not resolve the political disagreements underlying the confrontation.

The situation could also have consequences beyond Tigray if fighting spreads into neighbouring regions or involves additional countries. International officials have therefore called for restraint and renewed dialogue between the parties.

As federal forces consolidate their position around Mekelle, attention will remain focused on whether political negotiations can prevent another prolonged conflict. The coming days are expected to be important for determining whether the latest military developments lead to a reduction in violence or a further escalation.