Parliament Passes Landmark UWMEED Act to Reform Waqf Property Management in India
In a significant move to reform the administration and management of waqf properties in India, both houses of the Indian Parliament — the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha — have passed a major amendment bill titled the United Waqf Management, Empowerment, Efficiency and Development Act, 1995 (UWMEED Act 1995). This amendment seeks to bring transparency, accountability, and operational efficiency into the functioning of waqf institutions across the country. The bill, which initially received approval in the Lok Sabha, has now been passed by the Rajya Sabha after intense deliberations. Once signed by the President, it will become law.
Key Highlights of the UWMEED Amendment Bill
The newly passed bill introduces several critical changes to the existing Waqf Act of 1995. One of the most notable provisions is the restriction that only a person who has consistently followed Islam for at least five years and holds full ownership of a property can donate it as waqf. This move aims to prevent the misuse of property donations and ensure the legitimacy of waqf declarations.
Another major reform is the abolition of the practice known as “Waqf by user”, where long-term usage of a property could lead to it being declared waqf. This change is intended to reduce disputes over property ownership, especially in cases where such declarations lacked documentary evidence.
Shift in Survey Authority
One of the bill’s most debated provisions is the reassignment of the authority for surveying waqf properties. Previously, this task was under the purview of the Waqf Survey Commissioner. However, the new law transfers this responsibility to the District Collector. Under the new provisions, the Collector has the power to determine whether a property is waqf-owned or belongs to the government. In case of disputes, the Collector’s report will serve as the basis for the final decision. While this step is seen as a move to tighten government oversight, critics argue it could undermine the autonomy of state waqf boards.
Inclusivity and Digital Reforms
In a progressive move, the bill provides for the inclusion of non-Muslim members and women in both the Waqf Boards and the Central Waqf Council. This provision aims to make waqf institutions more inclusive and gender-balanced, reflecting broader societal changes.
Moreover, the bill calls for the establishment of a centralized digital portal for waqf property registration and management. This is expected to streamline operations, enhance transparency, and reduce instances of fraud or mismanagement.
Mixed Reactions from Stakeholders
While the bill has been hailed by many as a much-needed reform to modernize waqf administration, it has also attracted criticism. Supporters argue that it will lead to better utilization of waqf assets for community welfare, ensure legal clarity, and improve governance. On the other hand, detractors believe it dilutes the autonomy of waqf boards and could infringe on religious freedoms.
Despite the differing opinions, the passage of the UWMEED Act marks a transformative step in the management of waqf properties in India. It represents a shift toward modernization and accountability while igniting important debates about the role of the state in religious and charitable affairs. As the country awaits the President’s assent, the future implementation of the law will be crucial in determining its real-world impact.
