Nestled in the middle of the Caribbean, twin-island country Antigua and Barbuda boasts a rich and varied past spanning more than 4,000 years. From the first indigenous people to the present, a great range of civilisations, empires, and events has shaped the islands.
Pre-Columbian Period 2000 BCE–1493 CE
From the mainland hundreds of years before Christopher Columbus arrived, the Siboney people were the initial residents of Antigua and Barbuda. Skilled farmers, fishermen, and craftsmen, the Siboney built a vibrant island community.
Arriving in the islands in 1200 CE, the Kalinago people uprooted the Siboney and created their own unique civilisation. Skilled fighters and navigators, the Kalinago created sophisticated communities on both Antigua and Barbuda.
Colonial Era (1493 – 1834)
For Antigua and Barbuda, Columbus’s landing in 1493 signalled the start of a new age. With the British ultimately taking front stage, the Spanish, French, and British all fought for sovereignty of the islands.
The British started to build the sugar business on Antigua after settling there permanently in 1632. The sugar business brought the islands great riches, but it also resulted in the native population’s exploitation and slavery.
Slave trade across transatlantic (1612–1833)
Slaves brought by the transatlantic slave trade arrived at Antigua and Barbuda and were compelled to labour on sugar fields. Many Antiguans and Barbudans boldly honouring their African background reflect the legacy of slavery and colonialism still felt today.
Apprenticeship and emancipation (1834– 1840)
For Antigua and Barbuda, the abolition of slavery in 1834 signalled a dramatic turning point in their history. Still, the apprenticeship program that followed freedom was characterised by ongoing mistreatment of the once enslaved populace.
Following the Emancipation Era (1840–1967)
Antigua and Barbuda saw notable political, social, and economic transformation following their post-emancipation. The islands developed quickly and started to be significant sugar growers. But the riches the sugar business produced was mostly in the hands of a small elite, leaving many Antiguans and Barbudans impoverished.
Founded in 1951 with an aim of advancing working class social and economic justice, the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party The party was instrumental in the struggle for the nation’s independence and remains a main player in Antiguan politics now.
Period of Independence: 1967–Present
When Antigua and Barbuda broke free from Britain in 1967, a new era of nation-building and self-governance began. Since then, the nation has diversified its economy, grown a vibrant tourism sector, and become a significant actor in regional and international politics.
Originally joining the Commonwealth of Nations in 1976, the nation has since actively participated in regional organisations such the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS).
Notable Events
Christopher Columbus arrives in Antigua in 1493; British people settle there first permanently in 1632.
Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party is created in 1951; slavery is outlawed in Antigua and Barbuda in 1834; the apprenticeship system is established; country joins the Commonwealth of Nations in 1976.
Nature
The culture of Antigua and Barbuda is a vivid tapestry of African, British, and indigenous inspirations. Every summer the nation is known for its Carnival celebrations. Emphasising the rich cultural legacy of the nation, the Carnival boasts vibrant costumes, throbbing music, and vigorous dancing.
There is also a vibrant arts sector in the nation with many galleries and studios presenting work of local artists. A veritable gold mine of historical relics, exhibitions, and interactive elements illustrating the history and culture of Antigua and Barbuda, the museum is
Travelling for Business
Stunning natural beauty, rich history, and energetic culture define Antigua and Barbuda’s tourism sector. With 365 beaches, one for every day of the year, the nation features quiet coves as well as busy resort beaches.
Snorkellers’s and scuba divers’s dream come true in this nation with its coral reefs, glistening clean waters and varied aquatic life.