ROME, Italy — Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s government has approved stricter public security measures following violent unrest in Milan and other northern cities, bringing law enforcement and protest regulations into the centre of the country’s political debate.

The decision, announced on October 20, 2026, comes after demonstrations over the rising cost of living escalated into clashes with police, vandalism and the looting of commercial establishments. Authorities reported disturbances in several cities, including Milan, Turin and Bologna.

Under the new security decree, participating in a group of at least five people that endangers public safety through violent conduct during a demonstration can carry a prison sentence of up to five years and a fine of up to €20,000. Penalties may increase in circumstances involving concealed identities, injuries or additional offences.

The measures also introduce financial liability for parents when their children cause vandalism or looting. Police have been granted expanded powers concerning potentially dangerous young people aged 14 to 17, subject to the conditions established by the decree.

The government has also authorised the deployment of 500 additional military personnel to Milan until the end of 2026. Their role will include supporting security operations, monitoring sensitive locations and assisting police in maintaining public order. The cabinet did not grant the troops the additional policing powers that had reportedly been considered.

Meloni defended the measures, arguing that violence and the destruction of property cannot be justified as legitimate forms of protest. Her administration has presented the decree as a response to public safety concerns and the need to prevent further disorder.

However, the government’s approach has prompted wider questions about civil liberties, the treatment of young people and the appropriate limits of state authority during demonstrations. Critics of tougher security policies argue that enforcement alone may not address the underlying causes of unrest.

Economic pressures have also contributed to public dissatisfaction. Demonstrators have cited high fuel and energy prices, expensive housing, low wages and shortcomings in public services. In southern Italy, separate protests by truck drivers over rising diesel costs have disrupted supply chains and added to pressure on the government.

The developments carry political significance ahead of Italy’s next national elections, expected in 2027. The government’s response to public disorder, as well as its handling of economic hardship, could influence debate over its domestic agenda.

The decree’s implementation and parliamentary scrutiny will be important in determining how the new provisions operate in practice. The situation also highlights the challenge facing European governments as they seek to maintain public safety while protecting democratic rights and addressing economic grievances.